Python安装cx_Oracle

一、安装pip

1.pip介绍

pip类似RedHat里面的yum，安装Python包非常方便

2.pip下载

# wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate

3.安装pip

# yum install libffi-devel 

# tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz -C /opt/
# cd /opt/pip-1.5.4
# python setup.py install

4.pip查看已安装的包

# pip show --files SomePackage

5.pip检查哪些包需要更新

# pip list --outdated

6.pip升级包

# pip install --upgrade SomePackage

7.pip卸载包

# pip uninstall SomePackage

8.pip安装案例

(1)在线安装
# pip install cx_Oracle
(2)下载第三方whl包安装
# pip install /opt/soft/cx_Oracle-6.4.1-cp27-cp27m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

二、下载cx_Oracle

https://pypi.org/project/cx_Oracle/#files

三、安装cx_Oracle

# pip install /opt/soft/cx_Oracle-6.4.1-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl 

四、cx_Oracle模块使用

[root@db ~]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug  4 2017, 00:39:18) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cx_Oracle

五、Python连接

1.连接步骤

• 引用模块cx_Oracle

• 连接数据库

• 获取cursor

• 使用cursor进行各种操作

• 关闭cursor

• 关闭连接

2.连接Oracle

import cx_Oracle                                          #引用模块cx_Oracle
conn=cx_Oracle.connect('scott/scott@localhost/db')    #连接数据库
c=conn.cursor()                                           #获取cursor
x=c.execute('select sysdate from dual')                   #使用cursor进行各种操作
x.fetchone()
c.close()                                                 #关闭cursor
conn.close() 

六、连接错误解决方法

[oracle@db ~]$ python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug  4 2017, 00:39:18) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cx_Oracle
>>> conn=cx_Oracle.connect('scott/scott@localhost/db')  
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#linux for help


解决办法:
[root@db ~]# locate libclntsh.so
/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/inventory/Scripts/ext/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1
/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/inventory/backup/2018-05-31_01-40-59PM/Scripts/ext/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1
/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libclntsh.so
/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libclntsh.so.10.1
/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1

[oracle@db ~]$ vim .bash_profile 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/